English: "Interfacing organoids with 3D microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to allow electrophysiological output recording. (A) Organoid-MEA interfaces were inspired by the electroencephalograph (EEG) used to take electrophysiological recordings from the human brain. (B) Organoids are grown inside flexible, ultrasoft-coated, self-folding, and buckled shells covered with patterned multielectrode nanostructures and probes. These interfaces allow ultra-high-resolution 3D spatiotemporal stimulation and recording of electrophysiological patterns across the entire organoid surface (see also 93). (C) Brightfield image of brain organoid captured inside the shell. (D) Confocal image showing the side view (projected confocal stack) of a brain organoid (green; Fluo-4 calcium dye) with a diameter around 500 μm encapsulated in the electrodes of the 3D shell (blue). (E, F) Three channels of electrodes are distributed across the shell with representative raster plot showing the spontaneous electrical activity of the brain organoid. (G) Overlaid spike waveform from channels 1, 2, and 3."