English: Tharosaurus is a dicraeosaurid sauropod from the Middle Jurassic of India. It is the earliest diplodocoid currently known, and the first described from India. The fossil specimen, which consists of several vertebrae and a single rib, indicates Tharosaurus was an early-diverging dicraeosaurid, suggesting it represents a relic of a lineage that evolved in India and later spread across the world. Dicraeosaurids are advanced sauropods characterized by relatively small body size, short necks, and long neural spines. They were herbivorous and primarily browsed close to the ground or at mid-height, due to the shape of their necks and skulls.