Pax Americana: відмінності між версіями
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== Джерела == |
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* {{cite book|last=Ankerl|first=Guy|title=Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese and Western|series=INU Societal Research|volume=1|year=2000|publisher=INU Press|location=Geneva|isbn=978-2-88155-004-1|pages=256–332|chapter=Global communication without universal civilization}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Brown|first=Michael E.|title=America's Strategic Choices|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rrwTxggJJT0C|year=2000|publisher=MIT Press|location=Cambridge, MA|isbn=9780262265249}} |
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* {{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/s12138-013-0320-0|title = Pax Romana/Pax Americana: Views of the "New Rome" from "Old Europe", 2000–2010|year = 2013|last1 = Burton|first1 = Paul J.|journal = International Journal of the Classical Tradition|volume = 20|issue = 1–2|pages = 15–40|s2cid = 162321437}} |
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* Clarke, Peter. ''The last thousand days of the British empire: Churchill, Roosevelt, and the birth of the Pax Americana'' (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010) |
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* {{cite book|last=Gottlieb|first=Gidon|title=Nation against State: A New Approach to Ethnic Conflicts and the Decline of Sovereignty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hBw49OofkEkC|year=1993|publisher=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] Press|location=New York|isbn=9780876091562}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Hull|first=William I.|title=The Monroe Doctrine: National or International|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P8kMAAAAYAAJ|year=1915|publisher=G.P. Putnam|location=New York}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Kahrstedt|first=Ulrich|title=Pax Americana; ein historische Betrachtung am Wendepunkte der europäischen Geschichte|year=1920|publisher=Drei Masken Verlag|location=Munich|language=de|trans-title=Pax Americana, a historical look at the turning points in European history}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Kiernan|first=V. G.|title=America, the New Imperialism: From White Settlement to World Hegemony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UjmO-h63uzQC|year=2005|publisher=Verso|location=London|isbn=9781844675227}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Kupchan|first=Charles|title=The End of the American Era: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the 21st-century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=krECAAAACAAJ|year=2002|publisher=A. Knopf|location=New York}} |
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* {{Cite journal | doi=10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x|title = This Time It's Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana|year = 2012|last1 = Layne|first1 = Christopher|journal = International Studies Quarterly|volume = 56|issue = 1|pages = 203–213|jstor=41409832}} |
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* {{cite book|last=LaFeber|first=Walter|title=The New Empire: An Interpretation of American Expansion, 1860–1898|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNOwdBf-dzcC|year=1998|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, NY|isbn=978-0801485954}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Louis|first=William Roger|title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez and Decolonization: Collected Essays|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA999|year=2006|publisher=I.B. Tauris|location=London|pages=999+|chapter=The Pax Americana: Sir Keith Hancock, The British Empire, and American Expansion|isbn=9781845113476}} |
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* Mee, Charles L. ''The Marshall Plan: The launching of the pax americana'' (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984) |
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* {{Cite journal | doi=10.1111/j.1467-923X.2012.02294.x|title = From Pax Americana to Pax Mosaica? Bargaining over a New Economic Order|year = 2012|last1 = Narlikar|first1 = Amrita|last2 = Kumar|first2 = Rajiv|journal = The Political Quarterly|volume = 83|issue = 2|pages = 384–394}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Nye|first=Joseph S.|title=Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dMfArUL7hycC|year=1990|publisher=Basic Books|location=New York|isbn=9780465007448}} |
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* {{cite journal|last=Snow|first=Francis Haffkine|year=1921|title=American as a World Tyrant: A German Historian's Attempt to Prove That Europe is Becoming a Serf of the United States|journal=Current History|volume=13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jbcqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA497}} |
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{{refend}} |
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* Steve Fine, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080704115925/http://www.neighborsforpeaceandjustice.org/resources/pdfs/pax_americana.pdf Pax Americana]. neighborsforpeaceandjustice.com, October 2002 (broken) |
* Steve Fine, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080704115925/http://www.neighborsforpeaceandjustice.org/resources/pdfs/pax_americana.pdf Pax Americana]. neighborsforpeaceandjustice.com, October 2002 (broken) |
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* Richard M. Ebeling, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20050404163225/http://www.fff.org/freedom/fd0212b.asp The Dangers and Costs of Pax Americana]. December 2002. |
* Richard M. Ebeling, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20050404163225/http://www.fff.org/freedom/fd0212b.asp The Dangers and Costs of Pax Americana]. December 2002. |
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* Graham Barrett, "[http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/04/16/1050172646729.html Imagining the Pax Americana]", ''The Age'', April 17, 2003 |
* Graham Barrett, "[http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/04/16/1050172646729.html Imagining the Pax Americana]", ''The Age'', April 17, 2003 |
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==Посилання== |
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{{Wikiquote|American benevolence}} |
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*[https://www.salon.com/2009/09/29/obama_pax_americana/ The end of the Pax Americana?] by Michael Lind |
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*[https://benjaminschwarz.org/1996/06/01/why-america-thinks-it-has-to-run-the-world/ Why America Thinks it Has to Run the World] by Benjamin Schwarz |
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*[https://www.scribd.com/document/382613540/It-s-Over-Over-There-The-Coming-Crack-up-in-Transatlantic-Relations-Christopher-Layne It’s Over, Over There: The Coming Crack-up in Transatlantic Relations] by Christopher Layne |
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*[https://www.scribd.com/document/132781206/War-in-the-Contest-for-a-New-World-Order-Peter-Gowan War in the Contest for a New World Order] by Peter Gowan |
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*[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v38/n14/thomas-meaney/so-it-must-be-for-ever So it must be for ever] by Thomas Meaney |
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* [https://www.academia.edu/38401632/Instrumental_Internationalism_The_American_Origins_of_the_United_Nations_1940_3 Instrumental Internationalism: The American Origins of the United Nations, 1940–3] by Stephen Wertheim |
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*[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v41/n09/tom-stevenson/what-are-we-there-for What are we there for?] by Tom Stevenson |
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*[https://archive.org/details/PeterGowanInterview2009 Peter Gowan interview on U.S. foreign policy since 1945], Interview with Against the Grain |
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{{politics-stub}} |
Версія за 08:44, 16 квітня 2022
Pax Americana | |
Країна | США |
---|---|
Частково збігається з | Американське століттяd |
Pax Americana (латинізація сучасного лінгвістичного терміна «Американський світ») — стилістичний термін на позначення періоду економічної та суспільно-політичної стабільності, який склалася спочатку в Західній Півкулі, а після закінчення Другої світової війни й в усьому світі й характеризувався політичним, культурним та економічним домінуванням США. На противагу до неї існував й СРСР, який став центром Pax Sovietica (Радянський світ). Американське домінування було свого роду аналогом стародавньої Римської імперії за часів найвищого розквіту, яка сформувала свій Pax Romana. Термін Pax Americana пов'язаний, і багато в чому став наступником Pax Britannica (1815—1914), періоду британської гегемонії в світі.
Роль США, як домінантної сили у світі, багато в чому пояснювалась тим, що ця країна не постраждала від руйнівних наслідків Другої світової війни і змогла легко поширити свій вплив в країнах Заходу. Багато в чому роль США після 1945 була навіть значнішою, ніж після розпаду СРСР в 1991 році. Однак, незважаючи на міцні економічні зв'язки між країнами, які складали Pax Americana, між ними були й розбіжності — в першу чергу з Францією, яка намагалась вести самостійну політику всупереч США.
Джерела
Ця стаття не містить посилань на джерела. (лютий 2018) |
Джерела
- Ankerl, Guy (2000). Global communication without universal civilization. Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese and Western. INU Societal Research. Т. 1. Geneva: INU Press. с. 256—332. ISBN 978-2-88155-004-1.
- Brown, Michael E. (2000). America's Strategic Choices. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262265249.
- Burton, Paul J. (2013). Pax Romana/Pax Americana: Views of the "New Rome" from "Old Europe", 2000–2010. International Journal of the Classical Tradition. 20 (1–2): 15—40. doi:10.1007/s12138-013-0320-0. S2CID 162321437.
- Clarke, Peter. The last thousand days of the British empire: Churchill, Roosevelt, and the birth of the Pax Americana (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010)
- Gottlieb, Gidon (1993). Nation against State: A New Approach to Ethnic Conflicts and the Decline of Sovereignty. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press. ISBN 9780876091562.
- Hull, William I. (1915). The Monroe Doctrine: National or International. New York: G.P. Putnam.
- Kahrstedt, Ulrich (1920). Pax Americana; ein historische Betrachtung am Wendepunkte der europäischen Geschichte [Pax Americana, a historical look at the turning points in European history] (нім.). Munich: Drei Masken Verlag.
- Kiernan, V. G. (2005). America, the New Imperialism: From White Settlement to World Hegemony. London: Verso. ISBN 9781844675227.
- Kupchan, Charles (2002). The End of the American Era: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the 21st-century. New York: A. Knopf.
- Layne, Christopher (2012). This Time It's Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana. International Studies Quarterly. 56 (1): 203—213. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x. JSTOR 41409832.
- LaFeber, Walter (1998). The New Empire: An Interpretation of American Expansion, 1860–1898. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0801485954.
- Louis, William Roger (2006). The Pax Americana: Sir Keith Hancock, The British Empire, and American Expansion. Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez and Decolonization: Collected Essays. London: I.B. Tauris. с. 999+. ISBN 9781845113476.
- Mee, Charles L. The Marshall Plan: The launching of the pax americana (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984)
- Narlikar, Amrita; Kumar, Rajiv (2012). From Pax Americana to Pax Mosaica? Bargaining over a New Economic Order. The Political Quarterly. 83 (2): 384—394. doi:10.1111/j.1467-923X.2012.02294.x.
- Nye, Joseph S. (1990). Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 9780465007448.
- Snow, Francis Haffkine (1921). American as a World Tyrant: A German Historian's Attempt to Prove That Europe is Becoming a Serf of the United States. Current History. 13.
- Steve Fine, Pax Americana. neighborsforpeaceandjustice.com, October 2002 (broken)
- Richard M. Ebeling, "The Dangers and Costs of Pax Americana. December 2002.
- Graham Barrett, "Imagining the Pax Americana", The Age, April 17, 2003
Посилання
Вікіцитати містять висловлювання від або про: American benevolence |
- The end of the Pax Americana? by Michael Lind
- Why America Thinks it Has to Run the World by Benjamin Schwarz
- It’s Over, Over There: The Coming Crack-up in Transatlantic Relations by Christopher Layne
- War in the Contest for a New World Order by Peter Gowan
- So it must be for ever by Thomas Meaney
- Instrumental Internationalism: The American Origins of the United Nations, 1940–3 by Stephen Wertheim
- What are we there for? by Tom Stevenson
- Peter Gowan interview on U.S. foreign policy since 1945, Interview with Against the Grain
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